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** Programmer's Technical Reference for MSDOS and the IBM PC **
┌─────────────────────────────┐
│ Shareware Version, 04/16/91 │
│ Please Register Your Copy │
└─────────────────────────────┘
Copyright (c) 1987, 1991 Dave Williams
USA copyright TXG 392-616
ISBN 1-878830-02-3 (disk-based text)
B I B L I O G R A P H Y
The information presented here was gathered from megabytes of files found on
BBS systems, conversations on a dozen different BBS systems, correspondence,
and every reference book I could get my hands on. On occasion, a number of
prestigious references didn't agree with each other. Where this has happened, I
have used the latest references. There is too much information here for me to
verify every fact personally. I have used my own judgement as to the
reliability of the sources.
I've been selling copies of the Reference since October 1987. (printouts)
The original basis for the Reference came from Peter Norton's "Programmer's
Guide to the IBM PC" and the original Janet Jack interrupt list circa sometime
1986, as updated by Ross Greenberg. Anyway, I've prepared a list of the sources
I've used for the Reference to clear up any ambiguities.
Tools used in preparing this book:
Microsoft SymDeb, the final gasp of venerable DEBUG.COM and a fine program.
Microsoft CodeView, huge and awkward though it may be.
V Communications Sourcer, the only effective disassembler I've found.
References used in preparing this book:
AST EEMS Technical Reference Manual v3.2
documents 020022-001B and 000408-001B
provided by AST Corporation, 1987
Data General Programmer's Reference for MS-DOS, Rev.3
Data General Corporation (covers through DOS 3.0)
p/n 069-100157 rev 00 May 1986
Digital Research DR-DOS System and Programmer's Guide v3.32
Digital Research Corporation 1988
comment: This manual does not cover the extended disk partition access,
file password protection, or any of the other goodies
provided in DR-DOS. In fact, it not only doesn't cover the
extended features, it doesn't completely cover DOS calls
documented by IBM. It does have an extensive section on
customizing DR-DOS for use from ROM.
Digital Research DR-DOS User's Guide v3.32
Digital Research Corporation 1988
Digital Research DR-DOS Reference Guide v3.32
Digital Research Corporation 1988
Digital Research DR-DOS Users and Reference Guide v3.40
Digital Research Corporation, January 1989
IBM DOS Operations Manual Version 2.00
IBM Corp, 1983
IBM DOS Operations Manual Version 2.10
IBM Corp, 1983
IBM DOS Operations Manual Version 3.1
IBM Corp, November 1984
IBM DOS Operations Manual Version 3.3
IBM Corp, April 1987
IBM DOS Technical Reference, Version 4.0
IBM Corp, 1988
IBM PC Local Area Network Program Version 1.20
IBM Corp, April 1987
IBM Technical Reference
Options and Adapters - Enhanced Graphics Adapter
p/n 6280131 IBM Publications Aug 1984
IBM Technical Reference
Personal Computer
p/n 6322507 IBM Publications
IBM Technical Reference
Personal Computer - PCjr
p/n 1502293 IBM Publications
LANtastic Programmer's Information Package, 2/21/89
Logitech Mouse Programmer's Toolkit
Logitech Corp. 1986
Lotus-Intel-Microsoft Expanded Memory Specification Version 3.20
part number 300275-003
provided by Intel Corp. September, 1985
Lotus-Intel-Microsoft Expanded Memory Specification 4.0
document 300275-005
provided by Intel Corp. October 1987
Lotus-Intel-Microsoft Expanded Memory Specification 4.0
EMS Toolkit for C Developers
document 302243-001
provided by Intel Corp, February 1990
Microsoft Extended Memory Specification v2.00
provided by Microsoft Corporation, 1988
Microsoft Mouse Technical Reference
Microsoft Press, 1989
Mouse Systems Programmer's Toolkit
p/n 302449-001 Rev A, 1989
p/n 302375-100, 1989
p/n 302446-100, 1989
MS-DOS Programmer's Reference (covers through DOS 2.00)
by Microsoft
p/n 135555-001 Intel Corp. 1984
Phar Lap Virtual Control Program Interface (VCPI) Specification v1.0
Phar Lap Software 1989
Tandy 1000 TX Technical Reference Manual
Tandy Corp.
p/n 25-1514 Tandy Corp 1987
Toshiba 1000 Technical Reference Manual
Toshiba Corp. of America 1987
Tseng Labs EVA Chipset Programming Guide
Tseng Labs, 1986
X3.4-1977: American National Standard Code for Information Interchange
by American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
New York, NY 1977
Weitek ABACUS Software Designer's Guide, Doc 8967
September 1989
**********************
ATI EGA Wonder Operation Manual
ATI Technologies, 1987
Everex EV-650 EGA Reference Guide, Version 1.00
Everex Computer, 1986
FastCard IV User Manual
Peripheral Marketing Inc.
p/n 0527 Jan 1987
Hercules Graphics Card User's Manual
Hercules Computer Technology
1983
Hercules Graphics Card Plus Owner's Manual
Hercules Computer Technology
Model GB112 1987
JDR B-3101 FLoppy Disk Drive Card User's Guide
470.03002 version 1.00 1988
LANtastic 2.46 Installation Guide
Artisoft, 1988
LapLink Release 2 User's Manual
Traveling Software, 1987
LapLink Release 3 User's Manual
Traveling Software, 1989
Logitech EGA Reference Manual, EGA+Mouse Board
MPC Operations Guide, Manual #1023
Columbia Data Products, Inc.
CDP 1983
Microcomputer Products - 1987 Data Book
NEC Electronics, Inc.
p/n 500105 Aug 1987
NEC uPD70108/70116 Microprocessor User's Manual
p/n 500350 October 1986
provided by NEC Electronics, Inc.
Novell Advanced Netware System Manager's Reference
pcAnywhere User's Guide v2.00
Dynamic Microprocessor Associates, Inc 1986
S-286 User Manual, version 2
Link Computer, 1988
TesSeRact v1.0 documentation
Toshiba ND352/356 3.5" Diskette Drive Installation Notes
document number 87019 March 1988
Toshiba America Corporation
VideoTrax Installation Guide
Alpha Micro, 1987
******************
Advanced MSDOS
Ray Duncan
Microsoft Press 1986
Assembly Language Programming for the IBM Personal Computer
David J. Bradley
Prentice-Hall 1984
Assembly Language Subroutines for MSDOS Computers
Leo J. Scanlon
TAB Books 1986
Atari ST Internals
Gerits, English, & Bruckmann
Abacus Software 1985
Compute!'s Guide to Assembly Language Programming on the IBM PC
COMPUTE! Publications
Compute!'s Mapping the IBM PC and PCjr
Russ Davis
COMPUTE! Publications
DOS Power Tools
Paul Somerson
Bantam Books 1988
DOS: The Complete Reference
Kris Jamsa
Osborne/McGraw-Hill 1987
Exploring the IBM PCjr
Peter Norton
Microsoft Press 1984
Discovering the IBM PCjr
Peter Norton
Microsoft Press 1984
IBM Video Subsystems
Richard Wilton
Microsoft Press 1988
Inside the IBM PC
Peter Norton
Mapping the IBM PC
Russ Davies/Compute! Magazine
Compute! Books 1986
Memory Resident Utilities, Interrupts, and Disk Management With MS & PC DOS
Michael Hyman
MIS Press 1987
Microcomputer Interfacing
Bruce A. Artwick
Prentice Hall 1980
Microsoft Systems Journal - March 1987
"Expanded Memory: Writing Programs that Break the 640k Barrier"
Marion Hansen, Bill Krueger, Nick Stuecklen
Operating Systems Design and Implementation
Arthur S. Tanenbaum
Prentice Hall 1987
Programmer's Guide to the IBM PC
Peter Norton
Microsoft Press 1985
Programmer's Problem Solver for the IBM PC, XT, & AT
Robert Jourdain
Prentice Hall 1986
Running MS-DOS
Van Wolverton
Microsoft Press
Supercharging MS-DOS
Van Volverton
Microsoft Press 1986
The 8080a Bugbook
Tony-Larsen-Titus
Howard W. Sams 1977
The 8086 Book
Russell Rector and George Alexy
Osborne/McGraw-Hill 1980
The IBM Personal Computer from the Inside Out
Murray Sargent III and Richard L. Shoemaker
Addison-Wesley 1984
The IBM ROM BIOS
Ray Duncan
Microsoft Press 1988
The Serious Assembler
Charles A. Crayne and Dian Gerard
Baen Books 1985
Tricks of the MS-DOS Masters
Waite Group
Howard W. Sams 1987
Turbo Pascal Express
Robert Jourdain
Brady Books, 1987
***********************
Microsoft Macro Assembler 4.0, 5.1 documentation
Microsoft C 4.0 documentation
Borland Turbo Pascal 3.02a and 5.0 documentation, Turbo C 2.0 documentation
Novell SFT System Administrator's Reference
***************************
Western Digital, Rodime, Miniscribe, Microscience, Adaptec, Storage
Technologies, and Connor Peripherals were kind enough to send spec sheets on
most of their products which helped to expand and verify the hard drive
information in Appendix 6.
***************************
A large amount of miscellaneous information came from various computer
magazines. Documenting what came from where would be an experience all its
own. A great deal of information came from articles by Michael Mefford,
Charles Petzold, and Neil Rubenking of PC Magazine, and Ray Duncan, who gets
around a lot.
Dr. Dobb's Journal
( I always thought the old title, "Doctor Dobbs' Journal of Computer
Calisthenics and Orthodontia - Running Light Without Overbyte" was
a killer name, but nobody asked me. )
PC Magazine
( Despite their new "management format" in mid '89, PC Mag still has
more good techie stuff than anyone else, including the programming
mags. I guess the bean counters thought managers were more
important than programmers. )
PC Resource
( There is rarely anything of interest in PC Resource, but every
now and then I find something. Now defunct. )
PC Tech Journal
( "Tell 'em what you're going to say, tell 'em what you're saying, tell
'em what you just said." - and don't send us no steenking submissions
unless they're in WordPerfect format! Despite their fascist policies,
every now and then they printed something useful. The Little Rock
Wild Bunch refered to it as "PC Tech Urinal," an apt monicker. Now
defunct )
Computer Language
Programmer's Journal
( This is a nice magazine, though expensive. )
Byte Magazine
( Byte is an odd magazine. Sometimes months will go by when they
seem to tread water. "Day before yesterday's technology yesterday!"
as a friend says. On the other paw, sometimes they have some
excellent low level tech stuff. Their BIX BBS system is also a
treasure trove of information, as well as an addictive time waster
in its own right. They consider BIX as part of the magazine and
post the text of all the issues as well as extra stuff. Nifty. )
Computer Shopper
InfoWorld
( I never really figured out how a weekly magazine could so often be
both late *and* wrong with their stories, but IW tries hard. Still,
you often hear about rumblings you'd never find out about in the
slicks. The National Enquirer of the computer world? )
Micro Cornucopia
( R.I.P - it was great while it lasted)
****************************
various computer bulletin board systems, including
Byte Information Exchange (BIX)
(check out ibm.dos/secrets.2 and ibm.dos/secrets.3)
thanks for information posted by rduncan, geary, domdumitru, roedy, skluger,
jsprowl, dmick, greenber, barryn, johnf, mike123, billn, jswitzer, sjgrant,
twagner, daiken, jrichards, jlussmeyer and others
Compuserve IBM SIG
GEnie IBM RT and Borland RT
PCanada BBS system (Toronto, Canada)
PCRelay international network
*********************************
The following text files were of use. Bear in mind that some of them may be
seen under several different names. The author's name is given as it appears
in the documentation (if any).
10H-BUG ASM 4680 29/01/87 bug in 2.x int 21h/fn10h Ray Duncan
1PT4MB INF 5120 3/10/87 1.44Mb drives Clyde Washburn 70305,1211
2EH ASM 2969 3/03/87 info on undoc'd int 2Eh David Gwillim
386BUG ARC 9216 15/10/87 bug in early 80386 chips Compaq Corp.
8086 3 10572 5/12/88 dump of Fidonet?? 8086 conf?? <no name>
8259 ARC 2826 15/03/88 info on 8259 chip <no name>
APICALLS ARC 11481 8/01/88 OS/2 API function call list Bill Earle
ASM-ADRS ARC 6144 20/12/87 low memory vectors Malcolm McCorquodale
ATCMDS ARC 3072 20/03/88 Hayes 1200 baud command set <no name>
BACKDOOR UPL 26115 11/12/89 "back door" through PSP John Switzer
BIOSDOC ARC 34816 3/11/87 very good function list David E. Powell
BIXDOS1 ARC 155648 14/12/87 BIX "MSDOS Secrets" #1 <no name>
BUG40DOS ARC 3200 18/08/88 bugs in DOS 4.0 "Doug"
CAS ARC 33792 27/10/88 Communicating Applications Standard 1.0A
DCA, Intel Corp
CCPM86 ARC 68238 14/10/89 list of Concurrent CP/M calls <no name>
CDOS ARC 35584 18/07/89 list of Concurrent DOS calls Guy Scharf
CDOS2_ ARC 227200 18/07/89 list of Concurrent DOS calls J. F. Jankura
CDOSCALL ARC 19968 18/07/89 list of Concurrent DOS calls J. F. Jankura
CUFEXT ARC 13228 13/03/90 common file extensions J.W. Rider
DEBUGTUT ARC 15655 23/04/88 DEBUG tutorial <no name>
possibly David Whitman?
DIAGNOSE ARC 14336 1/01/86 memory errcodes Jerry Schneider, Arnold Kischi
DISK144 ARC 23086 16/10/88 info on 1.44Mb diskettes <no name>
DISKTYPE ARC 5073 14/04/88 IBM floppy formats <no name>
DOOM ARC 9216 29/09/88 hard drive information <no name>
DOS-SIZE ARC 787 27/03/88 size of DOS files 1.1-3.1 <no name>
DOS3TXT ARX 9168 31/07/85 list of DOS/BIOS ints, data areas Dan Rollins
DOS32 ARC 17408 31/05/88 command list for DOS 3.2 <no name>
DOS3BUGS ARC 5639 15/10/87 acknowledged bugs in DOS 3.0-3.2 IBM Corp.
DOS40 ARC 15625 22/07/88 IBM announcement of DOS 4.0 IBM Corp.
DOS401 ARC 18178 19/10/88 errors in DOS 4.0 IBM Corp.
DOS40B ARC 27008 26/08/88 Compuserve thread on DOS 4.0 <no name>
DOS40FAT ARC 1510 11/09/88 DOS 4.0 File Allocation Table Mike Austin
DOS40FUN ZOO 3410 31/12/99 DOS 4.0 int 24, 25, etc Pat Myrto
DOS40HLP ARC 53376 28/08/88 DOS 4.0 command set <no name>
DOS40TXT ARC 46169 16/10/88 DOS 4.0 problems & info <no name>
DOS4TIPS ARC 1735 19/09/88 problems with DOS 4.0 IBM Corp.
DOSBUG TXT 1024 15/10/87 info on 2.0 volume label <no name>
DOSGUIDE ARC 21344 21/02/88 DOS tutorial Carrington B. Dixon
DOSINT ARC 4201 15/03/88 list of DOS 2.0 function calls John Chapman
DOSNOTES ARC 5052 15/03/88 info on DOS undoc fns. <no name>
DOSREF ARC 9216 21/01/87 partial list of PC BIOS calls <no name>
DOSREF ARC 62052 23/08/86 device driver info "Cracker"
DOSTIPS ARC 28926 15/03/88 info on DOS John Chapman
DOSTIPS1 ARC 159657 25/11/85 various DOS info Dean R. Wood
DOSTIPS3 ARC 59264 25/01/88 various DOS tips (different) Dean R. Wood
DOSUNDOC ARC 3840 03/05/86 one of the very first interrupt lists
Spyros Sakellariadis
DRIVPARM ARC 11264 7/01/88 info on DRIVPARM parameters Joan Friendman
EGATEK ARC 8704 15/03/88 IBM EGA registers Bill Frantz
EMS40BIX ARC 3802 21/09/87 BIX announcement of EMS 4.0 BIX
ENVIRONM ARC 4255 18/09/88 info on DOS environment Jan Fagerholm
ESC_CODE ARC 3072 3/10/88 Laserjet setup codes S. Noh
FILEIO ARC 8192 24/07/88 TSRs and INDOS flag <no name>
FLOPPIES ARC 9216 2/11/87 info on floppy media Ted Jensen
FOSSIL ARC 9031 15/07/87 list of FOSSIL functions Vincent Periello
FXN4BH ASM 4503 1/01/80 odd 4Bh behavior Ray Duncan
HAYESET2 ARC 6479 4/09/86 modem commands Ruth Lubow, Fowler Brown
HD-DATA ARC 4096 19/07/87 list of hard drives & specs <no name>
I've seen many similar files. I believe the
original may have been a file or bulletin on
Sparta BBS
HDINFO ARC 11264 19/11/87 updated version of above, evidently by someone
else <no name>
HDNOISE ARC 4159 11/11/87 hard disk information Clancy Malloy
HDTIPS ARC 9660 11/10/87 hard disk information Barry Gordon
IBMTAB ARC 7882 15/03/88 general IBM PC tech info John S. Lou
IBMTECH ARC 136064 4/11/88 error codes, other info IBM Corp.
INT-MDOS ARC 20682 31/07/85 one of the original INT lists Ross Greenberg
INTER189 LZH 156368 25/06/89 interrupt list Ralf Brown
INTERRUP ARC 157440 19/09/88 interrupt vector list Ralf Brown
INTERRPT ARC 42632 4/04/88 interrupt vector list Marshall Presnell
this is a very nice list and some programming
information. If I'd come across it way back
then it would have saved a ton of typing <sigh>
JARGON ARC 49274 16/07/88 dictionary of computer terms <no name>
LIM-40 ARC 21504 15/10/87 info on LIM 4.0 Stephen Satchell
LISTINTS ARC 6144 3/12/87 small interrupt list <no name>
MCB ARC 5120 24/07/88 info on DOS Memory Control Blocks David Gwillim
MNP-TEXT ARC 6144 30/09/88 MNP modem info Mike Focke
MOUSENG ARC 10240 13/08/88 Norton Guide file for mouse programming, with
C examples <no name>
MSLOOKUP ARC 58368 25/12/87 interrupt and function listing Frank Bonita
MS-OS2 ARC 25600 15/10/87 MS press release on OS/2 Microsoft Corp.
MSINT125 ARC 48128 12/01/88 interrupt vector listing Ralf Brown
NETBIOS ARC 17280 29/10/88 NetBIOS tutorial & summary Tom Thompson
NOVELINT ARC 4531 18/10/88 NetBIOS calls Marc Guyot
OCOM_520 ARC 53632 19/08/88 FOSSIL tutorial and functions Rick Moore
ODDITY ARC 3072 24/07/88 int 2Eh description Daniel Briggs
PINS ARC 3072 18/01/88 pinouts of various connectors <no name>
QUES40 ARC 9081 1/09/88 info on DOS 4.0 IBM Corp.
RAW_COOK ARC 2048 15/10/87 info on DOS raw and cooked modes <no name>
RESETSWT TXT 3584 23/01/86 add a reset switch to a PC Don Jenkins
RLLHINTS ARC 12288 17/10/87 RLL controller info Steve Sneed
RLLMISC ARC 5120 17/10/87 info on RLL controllers Richard Driggers
RLLSTORY ARC 9718 31/07/88 good info on RLL coding Pete Holzmann
SEAGATE ARC 2048 3/03/88 specs for many Seagate drives Jim McKown
SECRETS2 ARC 179625 17/04/88 BIX "MS-DOS Secrets" #2 <no name>
SERCBL2 ARC 4372 16/10/88 serial cable pinouts Lee Zeis
SM2400 ARC 2296 9/08/86 Hayes 2400 baud command set <no name>
SSTEP ARC 2300 11/07/89 explanation of CPU single-step Ed Burnette
ST225 ARC 11264 7/10/87 optimizing ST225 and WD cont. Neil Erbe
TANDON ARC 3612 21/02/88 info on Tandon drives David Welcher
TECH ARC 27827 8/05/88 misc tech info - Fidonet? <no name>
TOS 938 24/03/88 TOS function calls Mike Crawford
TRYST ARC 29312 29/10/88 DOS and hard disk info Amy Goebel
UNDOCINT 21H 7168 14/04/87 undocumented DOS calls Peter Holzmann
VGAPIN ARC 1252 24/10/88 VGA pinout "Mike"
WD-27X ARC 6144 10/10/87 WD 27X HD controller setup Steve Shelton
WDCONFIG ARC 5504 11/10/87 WD-1002 WXS setup Richard Driggers
WDCONT ARC 11264 25/12/87 info on WD hard disk controllers Peter Fales
XEB1210 ARC 7947 18/07/87 Xebec HD controller setup Richard Driggers
XEBEC ARC 1036 30/04/88 setup for Xebec HD controller Richard Driggers
XEBECTEC ARC 1834 30/04/88 setup for Xebec 1210 <no name>
XMS ARC 75776 1/08/88 Microsoft Extended Memory Specification 1.0
Microsoft Corporation
XTCHARTS ARC 12416 4/11/88 ports, charts <no name>
**********************************
NBRCV.C Paul McGinnis NetBIOS API calls
DESQ10.ASM James H. LeMay DesqView API calls
NETTUT.DOC Charles L. Hedrick TCP/IP network
CED10D Chris Dunford CED interrupt calls
LANTSTIC.DOC LANtastic adware peer-to-peer LAN calls
GLOSSARY.ARC no author name computer terms
4DOS.DOC Tom Rawson 4DOS int 2Eh, 2Fh calls, SHELL= bug
And thanks to all the people who have been good enough to furnish information
and support: (in alphabetical order)
Tommy Apple, Mike Crawford, Joe Felix, Ron Melson, Denis Murphy, & Ben Sansing,
who all loaned me documentation and reference material for so long
that some of them have forgotten to ask for their stuff back
And those users who were kind enough to help out:
Ben Sansing, Little Rock AR:
ANSI.SYS information, documentation for the NEC V20/30 chips, reported
error in register chart in Chapter 4, loaned his copy of PC-MOS/386
for testing
John Richards, England: (jrichards on BIX)
European DOS 4.0 information
Alan R. Levinstone, Garland TX:
80286 LOADALL instruction
BIOS Data Area floppy control parameters 40:8B, 40:8F, 40:90
Patrick O'Riva, San Jose CA:
info on what happens to the interleave when the BIOS is finished, and
for his interesting online assembly-language magazine
Klaus Overhage, Stuttgart W.Germany:
FANSI-CONSOLE system calls
Michael Koepke, Wood Dale IL:
pinouts on EGA feature connector, PS/2 keyboard connector, DR-DOS
programming information, much info on Digital's DR-DOS
James Drenter, Davenport IA:
additional info on int 1Ch
Roedy Green, Vancouver BC Canada: (roedy on BIX)
who granted permission to include some of his very educational essays
with my distribution disks
John Switzer, CA: (jswitzer on BIX)
who allowed me to include his discoveries on alternate DOS entries
and file mysteries. (see BACKDOOR.ZIP on BIX, or Oct 1990 Dr. Dobbs')
Herman Diagostino, Manassas VA:
who worked up the TECHMENU menu file and provided a copy of the
DOS 4.0 Technical Reference
Mike Blaszczak, MA: (blaszczak on BIX)
who went rampaging through work and client's sites to find and
document various model ID bytes
Chris Dunford, Columbia MD:
who sent me a copy of the PCED 2.0 API
Roedy Green, Vancouver BC Canada: (roedy on BIX)
many names and addresses for Appendix 5, hard disk information,
serial and parallel port details and cabling
Steve Grant, Jersey City NJ: (sjgrant on BIX)
who granted permission to include his excellent SYSID program with my
distribution disks, furnished several model IDs
Hans Schleichert, Marburg W.Germany:
information on int 2Fh, fn OAEh (internal DOS commands). Good thing
I took some German in high school... <grin>
Special thanks to Chris Dunford, who donated his "CED" program to the public
domain. If it wasn't for CED, I would likely have abandoned MSDOS machines
entirely and bought a Macin...uh... something else; and to Haruyasu Yoshizaki
for allowing unrestricted use of his LHarc program used to compress the files
on these diskettes.
Dave Williams
--------------------
Jacksonville, AR